Application Of Artificial Intelligence Systems Research Articles

Automated scoring of glomerular injury in TNS2-deficient nephropathy.

Several artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been developed for glomerular pathology analysis in clinical settings. However, the application of AI systems in nonclinical fields remains limited. In this study, we trained a convolutional neural network model, which is an AI algorithm, to classify the severity of Tensin 2 (TNS2)-deficient nephropathy into seven categories. A dataset consisting of 803 glomerular images was generated from kidney sections of TNS2-deficient and wild-type mice. Manual evaluations of the images were conducted to assess their glomerular injury scores. The trained AI achieved approximately 70% accuracy in predicting the glomerular injury score for TNS2-deficient nephropathy. However, the AI achieved approximately 100% accuracy when considering predictions within one score of the true label as correct. The AI's predicted mean score closely matched the true mean score. In conclusion, while the AI model may not replace human judgment entirely, it can serve as a reliable second assessor in scoring glomerular injury, offering potential benefits in enhancing the accuracy and objectivity of such assessments.

Use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine: a review

This article outlines some aspects of the use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine.
 An overview of the use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medical examination is provided, as well as a definition of the ethical and legal issues of integrating artificial intelligence and human chipping into forensic medical examination.
 This article discusses the work of scientists of Kazakhstan and foreign countries aimed at studying the use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medical examination. Notably, the greatest application of artificial intelligence systems at this stage of development of science and technology has been found in forensic psychiatry. We noted the lack of research on the use of human microchipping for forensic purposes. In general, studies addressing the synergy between artificial intelligence and human chipping for use in forensic medicine and the legal and ethical aspects of their use in this area are limited.
 Considering the generalization of scientific works and analysis of domestic and foreign experience on the issue, we present the ethical and legal aspects of the integration of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine. Owing to the lack of sufficient sources in modern scientific literature devoted to the integrated use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic examination as a whole, a SWOT analysis was conducted, which showed that these technologies have some advantages and opportunities regarding efficiency and accuracy.
 Based on a study of the literature and practice of using artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine, legal aspects related to the synergy of artificial intelligence and human chipping have been identified, which can be divided into several key areas: confidentiality and data security, informed consent, ownership, and control.
 Furthermore, based on the literature and the practice of using artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine, legal aspects related to the synergy of artificial intelligence and human chipping were identified, which can be divided into several key areas: respect for autonomy, confidentiality and ethics of data processing, lack of harm, and informed consent.

Formation and analysis of networks of events in the field of parliamentary control based on the application of artificial intelligence systems

The article introduces a methodology for forming and analyzing the network of events in news reports related to parliamentary control. This methodology relies on the application of generative artificial intelligence, and the article provides examples of its practical implementation. The revolution in artificial intelligence enables the solution of tasks not only related to identification but also to the formation of causal networks of events, where the causes and consequences are clearly presented. The utilization of large linguistic models has yielded convenient methods for extracting events from texts, filtering them, and clustering. Artificial intelligence is employed for identifying cause-and-effect relationships, significantly simplifying the processing of natural language. Visualization and cluster analysis of the formed networks can be performed using traditional tools for network analysis.

The growing use and impact of artificial intelligence technologies in the tourism industry

The research relevance is determined by the increasing role of artificial intelligence in the tourism business, which was demonstrated during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bali, resulting in a decline in the number of tourists visiting the island. The research aims to investigate the real-life experience of applying artificial intelligence systems in the tourism industry to address the challenges of developing the tourism industry in Bali, Indonesia. The basis of the methodological approach is a combination of theoretical methods of analysis and synthesis of the collected information covering the practical experience of the application of artificial intelligence systems in the tourism industry, as well as a survey of customers of travel agencies that have used such systems in trips to Bali. The research results show that artificial intelligence can significantly help the tourism business in Bali, as the number of tourists visiting the island dropped by 40% during the pandemic, resulting in a reduction in the number of tourism staff. The practical application of systems based on artificial intelligence opens up a wide range of business opportunities, as it allows for optimizing the activities of tourism firms and providing customers with high-quality services with highly technical equipment. The use of neural network mathematical models of tourist firms’ activity based on AI, allows them to achieve high speed of data processing, which allows tourist firms numerous competitive advantages and significantly improves the quality of their services. The practical significance of the results of this scientific research lies in the possibility of their application in the organization of the activities of enterprises in the sphere of tourism business, built on the use of digital technologies and systems based on artificial intelligence.

The Problematic Area of Philosophical Discourses on the Application of Artificial Intelligence Systems in Society

The study relevance lies in understanding strategic objectives' content concerning intelligent technologies’ application. The development and application of artificial intelligence in various branches of human activity carry the potential for global changes in society, which, in methodological terms, increases the relevance of considering these problems. The study of ethical problems of artificial intelligence in the concept of sustainable development of society is connected with the dynamic development of innovative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, which are considered a process of becoming a new technosubject in the context of neuroscience development. The article emphasizes that the development of artificial intelligence acts as an innovative form of technology development when a new kind of human-machine technosubject is formed. The authors identify social problems of artificial intelligence application as the digitalization of life becomes a global anthropological challenge. Innovations of artificial intelligence are directly related to a number of ethical problems, as they contribute not only to the sustainable development of society but also cause dehumanization of relations between people and society. Based on the analysis of qualitative changes in scientific and technological research, using human-machine devices is becoming inevitable. Humankind must develop ethical guidelines for the application of AI systems.

The impact of artificial intelligence systems and technology on the sustainability of the quality of financial reports

The research aims to identify the concept of sustainability in financial reports and the arguments against and in favor of it when applied in business companies. Identify the factors affecting the process of sustaining the quality of financial reports Identify artificial intelligence techniques and know the expected impact of their application on business companies. Clarify the role of artificial intelligence techniques on the sustainability of the quality of financial reports. To achieve the objectives of the research The researcher organized a questionnaire form that included the main axes of artificial intelligence and the extent of its impact on the sustainability of the quality of financial reports, and the research reached several results, the most important of which is that artificial intelligence is one of the most important technologies that have the impact of the value and usefulness of the information shown by financial reports in a fast way and with a distinctive presentation, which makes it more expensive and enhances the sustainability of the quality of financial reports. The application of artificial intelligence systems and techniques is important and inevitable in the field of accounting, which will lead to high quality and continuity in the validity of information, which in turn will lead to the sustainability and quality of financial reports. The research recommended several recommendations, the most important of which is to enhance the use and application of artificial intelligence systems and techniques in economic units to raise the efficiency of accounting operations, which in turn enhances the sustainability of the quality of financial reports. Economic units should provide adequate assistance to the components of artificial intelligence from expert systems, knowledge representation and automatic learning in acquiring knowledge stored in databases that help raise the efficiency of information and the sustainability of the quality of financial reports.

Digitalization of criminal proceedings in Russia and on the international stage

The article considers the application of artificial intelligence systems in criminal proceedings. In jurisprudence, it is possible to use information technologies through the introduction of electronic document management and remote holding of court sessions. However, the question of automating decision making remains open, especially in the field of criminal procedure. The purpose of the present study was to identify the positive and negative features of artificial intelligence systems operating in the criminal practice of various countries and to consider the possibility of introducing such systems into the Russian criminal process, taking into account their compliance with their purpose and principles. The methodology included a systematic method of scientific cognition, a comparative legal method and a formal logical method, etc. During the research, the regulatory and legal framework of different countries was studied, which makes it possible to apply artificial intelligence systems in criminal proceedings, as well as to assess the work of foreign and Russian researchers in this field. It is concluded that the implementation of such principles as: the independence of judges and the adversarial nature of the parties in criminal proceedings are difficult in a legal framework dominated by artificial intelligence.

Application of Artificial Intelligence Systems in Criminal Procedure: Key Areas, Basic Legal Principles and Problems of Correlation with Fundamental Human Rights

Background: Digital technologies are an important factor currently driving society’ development in various areas, affecting not only traditional spheres, such as medicine, manufacturing, and education, but also legal relations, including criminal proceedings. This is not just about using technologies related to videoconferencing, automated distribution, digital evidence, etc. Development is constantly and rapidly moving forward, and we are now facing issues related to the use of artificial intelligence technologies in criminal proceedings. Such changes also entail new threats and challenges – we are referring to the challenges of respecting fundamental human rights and freedoms in the context of technological development. In addition, there is the matter of ensuring the implementation of basic legal principles, such as the presumption of innocence, non-discrimination and the protection of the right to privacy. This concern arises when applying artificial intelligence systems in the criminal justice system. Methods: The general philosophical framework of this research consisted of axiological and hermeneutic approaches, which allowed us to conduct a value analysis of fundamental human rights and changes in their perception in the context of the AI application, as well as apply in-depth study and interpretation of legal texts. While building up the system of the basic principles of using AI systems in criminal justice, we used the system-structural and logical methods of research. The study also relied on the comparative law method in terms of comparing legal regulation and law enforcement practice in different legal systems. The method of legal modelling was applied to emphasise the main areas of possible application of AI systems in criminal proceedings. Results and Conclusions: The article identifies the main possible vectors of the use of artificial intelligence systems in criminal proceedings and assesses the feasibility and prospects of their implementation. In addition, it is stated that only using AI systems for auxiliary purposes carries minimal risks of interference with human rights and freedoms. Instead, other areas of AI adoption may significantly infringe rights and freedoms, and therefore the use of AI for such purposes should be fully controlled, verified and only subsidiary, and in certain cases, prohibited altogether.

Analisis Perubahan Sinyal Pneumatic to Electric Menggunakan Algoritma Fuzzy Logic

Control valve is a tool in the oil and gas industry that works by relying on actuators as a driving force. For example, pneumatic actuators work with air pressure as driving energy, and standard signals are used for pneumatic. The signal is converted into a current signal using fuzzy as an application of artificial intelligence systems in the industrial sector. The method used in this study is the utilization of fuzzy logic with the Mamdani method using the software MATLAB. The results will be compared with data from companies and P/I simulation data. Pressure pneumatic algorithm system fuzzy by paying attention to the range of signals used. Company data and P/I converter simulation data are not much different, but the line equation obtained is slightly different. Meanwhile, the fuzzy logic data has slightly different data from the previous data caused by the rules of the fuzzy. Thus, the use of fuzzy logic pressure pneumatic signals to flow signals can be said to be quite capable of being used in these systems by paying attention to the range of signals and rules needed. The comparison results that have been tested have data results that are not much different based on the difference in the value of the current signal and the error value obtained below 2.5%.

[Application of artificial intelligence systems in the emergency room : Do the communication patterns give indications for possible starting points? An observational study].

High expectations are currently attached to the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the resuscitation room treatment of trauma patients with respect to the development of decision support systems. No data are available regarding possible starting points for AI-controlled interventions in resuscitation room treatment. Do information request behavior and quality of communication indicate possible starting points for AI applications in the emergency room? A 2‑stage qualitative observational study: 1.Development of an observation sheet based on expert interviews that depicts the following six relevant topics: situational factors (course of accident, environment), vital parameters, treatment-specific Information (treatment carried out). trauma-specific factors (injury patterns), medication, special features of the patient (anamnesis, etc.) 2.Observational study Which topics were inquired about during emergency room treatment? Was the exchange of information complete? There were 40consecutive observations in the emergency room. A total of 130 questions: 57/130 inquiries about medication/treatment-specific Information and vital parameters, 19/28 of which were inquiries about medication. Questions about injury-related parameters 31/130 with 18/31 regarding injury patterns, course of accident (8/31) and type of accident (5/31). Questions about medical or demographic background 42/130. Within this group, pre-existing illnesses (14/42) and demographic background (10/42) were the most frequently asked questions. Incomplete exchange of information was found in all six subject areas. Questioning behavior and incomplete communication indicate acognitive overload. Assistance systems that prevent cognitive overload can maintain decision-making abilities and communication skills. Which AI methods can be used requires further research.

Application of artificial intelligence system for screening multiple fundus diseases in Chinese primary healthcare settings: a real-world, multicentre and cross-sectional study of 4795 cases

Background/aimsThis study evaluates the performance of the Airdoc retinal artificial intelligence system (ARAS) for detecting multiple fundus diseases in real-world scenarios in primary healthcare settings and investigates the fundus disease...

Artificial intelligence applications in the agrifood sectors

Food security is one of the priorities of every country in the World. However, different factors are making it difficult to meet global targets on food security. Some unprecedented shocks are encumbering food security at the global level. Various interventions have been applied toward food security and artificial intelligence is one of the modern methods that is being used in various stages of the food system. In this paper, the application of artificial intelligence in the whole food production ecosystem ranging from crop production, livestock production, harvesting/slaughtering, postharvest management, food processing, food distribution, food consumption and food waste management is assessed. The objective of this research is to assess the application of artificial intelligence systems in all the stages of food systems. A systematic review was conducted by analyzing 110 articles after the screening of 450 articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results indicated that various artificial intelligence algorithms are being applied to all the stages of the food system from crop/livestock production up to food or agro-waste management.

AI Lights and Shadows: Revolutionizing the World

The article examines the effects of artificial intelligence (AI) by highlighting its advantages and its uses, as well as the difficulties and worries it raises. The benefits of AI are emphasized in the first section across several industries, including healthcare, transportation, and education. AI has completely changed the healthcare industry by providing more precise and quick diagnosis, individualized treatment regimens, and better patient care. With the help of traffic management systems and self-driving automobiles, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have the potential to improve safety, efficiency, and sustainability in transportation networks. Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education provides immersive learning environments, improved learning outcomes, and tailored and adaptive learning experiences. The difficulties and worries surrounding AI are covered in detail in the section that follows. With worries about algorithmic bias and the lack of transparency in sophisticated AI algorithms, ethical considerations are crucial. Another worry is job displacement since the possibility of automation raises concerns about the nature of labor in the future. The gathering and processing of vast volumes of personal data raises the possibility of security and privacy problems. It is essential to address these issues to guarantee the proper development and application of AI systems.

Threshold switching in nickel-doped zinc oxide based memristor for artificial sensory applications.

Electronic devices featuring biomimetic behaviour as electronic synapses and neurons have motivated the emergence of a new era in information and humanoid robotics technologies. In the human body, a nociceptor is a unique sensory neuron receptor that is capable of detecting harmful signals, leading to the central nervous system initiating a motor response. Herein, a nickel-doped zinc oxide (NZO)/Au based memristor is fabricated for the first time and characterized for artificial nociceptor application. For this, the introduction of a nickel-doped zinc oxide (NZO) layer between P++-Si and Au electrodes is used to eliminate the surface effects of the NZO layer, resulting in improved volatile threshold switching performance. Depending on the intensity, duration, and repetition rate of the external stimuli, this newly created memristor exhibits various critical nociceptive functions, including threshold, relaxation, allodynia, and hyperalgesia. The electron trapping/detrapping to/from the traps in the NZO layer is responsible for these nociceptive properties. This kind of NZO-based device produces a multifunctional nociceptor performance that is essential for applications in artificial intelligence systems, such as neural integrated devices with nanometer-sized features.

ПРАВОРЕАЛИЗАЦИОННАЯ ЮРИДИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНИКА И ЦИФРОВОЕ ПРАВОСУДИЕ

Introduction: the dynamic development of the legal system, the increasing complexity of its elements and links between them draw attention to the application of theoretical constructions in discipline-specific research. First of all, this contributes to defining a clear methodological basis for the study of new legal institutions, this being the key to obtaining reasoned, consistent, and motivated conclusions and proposals. Currently, the most relevant and popular research areas include legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence systems, robotic technologies, digitalization of legal proceedings, etc. There are many proposals and solutions suggested by legal scholars on these issues, but analysis shows significant discrepancies in the definition of basic concepts, in the understanding of the essence of legal relations as well as the prerequisites for their occurrence, the procedure and reasons for imposition of legal liability, etc. These contradictions are externalized in the current legislation. Purpose: to determine the importance of using legal engineering techniques for the regulation of relations involving the application of artificial intelligence systems. Methods: the key research tools are concepts and laws of interdisciplinary fields of knowledge: general systems theory, theory of information, cybernetics, theory of management; the systematic approach made it possible to characterize the existing forms of law implementation and also legal engineering techniques in the conceptual apparatus of the theory of law as well as to identify the specific features of law implementation techniques; formal legal method; comparative legal method. Results: we carried out comprehensive scientific research on the forms of law implementation; the study revealed specific features of the application of the means, techniques, and methods of legal engineering in all forms of law implementation. We also analyzed civil proceedings through the prism of digitalization, application of modern information and telecommunications technologies in legal activities and legal proceedings; the effect of the use of legal engineering techniques on the effectiveness of these processes was determined.

Application of artificial intelligence systems for stylometric analysis of texts as factor of sustainable development

Investment in human capital, along with natural resource management, is an important indicator of sustainable development. One of the areas of such investments is the creation of artificial intelligence systems that allow for the classification of texts. This paper analyzes the use of artificial intelligence systems for stylometric text analysis. On the basis of the algorithm of the convolutional artificial immune system, a system for stylometric analysis of texts was developed and implemented in software. In order to determine the possibility of using this system to determine the authorship of literary works, it was trained and tested. For this, the works of two authors were chosen: Leo Tolstoy and Fyodor Kryukov. This system demonstrated a high quality of text classification and a good speed of work and learning. So, to test the performance of the system, 11 works by Leo Tolstoy and 12 works by Fedor Kryukov were taken that were not used to train the system. All works of these authors were classified correctly. It should be noted that the artificial immune system algorithm can also be successfully used in other tasks requiring text classification.

Application of Artificial Intelligence System Based on Wireless Sensor Network in Enterprise Management.

With the improvement of the ability to acquire natural information, wireless sensor networks also need to transmit corresponding information in terms of collecting information. Wireless sensor nodes have great application prospects as a key component of wireless sensors. Therefore, different wireless sensors play an important decisive role in the operation of wireless network applications. With the continuous development of wireless sensor networks, existing wireless sensor network nodes exhibit limitations and shortcomings such as inflexible structure, low variability, and low versatility. Specifically, the learning and neural networks obtained by different artificial intelligence expert systems in computing technology are different. On the one hand, it can meet the needs of users for information systems to a certain extent, and on the other hand, it can also help accelerate the development of computer science. At present, the new generation of information technology industry is listed in the seven emerging strategic industries of the country. The new cloud computing technology has gradually expanded to important corporate governance capabilities in terms of information technology. The intelligent application of cloud computing technology replaces traditional enterprise management technology. Efficiency management and risk management can improve the quality and business capabilities of the entire enterprise, improve system applications according to the actual situation of the enterprise, improve system applications, and implement health and the sustainable development of the enterprise, thereby promoting the sustainable development of the computer technology industry.

Study and Application of Artificial Intelligence Systems and their Optimization for Engineering Problems

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is playing a major role now days in our daily routine. AI has changed our life in many ways. There are various AI Techniques that have their wide applications in engineering, gaming industry automation. Artificial intelligence refers to the process of simulating human intelligence into machines. The machines can be programmed to think like human beings and thus ac like them. AI term is also applied to a machine the performs as human mind in the same manner as humans do during learning and problem solving.

Viewpoint: Ethical By Designer - How to Grow Ethical Designers of Artificial Intelligence

Ethical concerns regarding Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology have fueled discussions around the ethics training received by AI designers. We claim that training designers for ethical behaviour, understood as habitual application of ethical principles in any situation, can make a significant difference in the practice of research, development, and application of AI systems. Building on interdisciplinary knowledge and practical experience from computer science, moral psychology and development, and pedagogy, we propose a functional way to provide this training.
 
 
 
 This article appears in the special track on AI & Society.
 
 

Regulisanje veštačke inteligencije - stanje i perspektive

The rapid development of artificial intelligence brings numerous benefits, but also poses some risks. On one hand, automated systems are improving business productivity and facilitating our everyday activities, while, on the other hand, there is a problem of unauthorized use of data, asymmetry of information of algorithmic decisions, disrespect of basic human rights, lack of transparency, etc. Numerous legal and ethical dilemmas are opening up, influencing the need for regulation of further development and application of artificial intelligence systems. The main goal of artificial intelligence's regulation is to build an "ecosystem of trust". Strengthening trust in artificial intelligence can only be achieved by engaging all relevant actors in order to develop an adequate legal and ethical framework. In this paper, we will present the existing regulatory models, while addressing the most adequate model for regulation of artificial intelligence. Also, the European regulatory framework will be presented as relevant for Serbia whose national regulations and ethical guidelines should be in line with the EU standards.